槟城本头公街 Armenian Street, Penang
福德正神庙
Hock Teik Cheng Sin Twa Peh Kong Temple
1850年成立
2005年与2006年修复
工程照
福德正神庙坐落于本头公巷门牌57号。它原本是建德堂秘密会社之基地,隐蔽在店屋群内,配置特殊。
在四面围合的庙埕内,福德正神庙主体建筑座东北朝西南,正对戏台。它是一栋双层楼阁,面宽五开间,中央突出拜亭,栋宇魁焕,造型别致。福德正神庙是闽南寺庙和殖民地孟加楼的结合体,是“二楼化”的闽南凸龟型建筑,即大殿前带拜亭的庙宇,叠层成楼阁。
福德正神庙的拜亭和正身分别为歇山和硬山曲脊屋顶。正脊翘扬,垂脊如带,脊身和排头遍饰五彩流光的剪黏和灰塑,耀眼绚丽。最特别的是拜亭正脊,两对鳌鱼相向,中央是罕见的关公坐像,可能是当年会党堂所的象征。
2005至2006年间,文思古建受委全面修葺福德正神庙,工程项目包括重修门楼,重铺及整铺地埕,修补彩绘和传统大漆,抽换损坏的木结构和梁枋,揭瓦后按传统方式重新铺瓦,并维修屋脊、屋顶彩绘、剪黏、灰塑等等。
Hock Teik Cheng Sin Temple is located at No. 57, Armenian Street within the heritage town of George Town. In 1850’s, it was originally used as the base of the secret society ‘Kean Teik Tong’, built within the enclosure of other domestic shophouses, hidden from plain sight for security. This form of architectural planning is very unique to Penang.
Hock Teik Cheng Sin Temple was built to face the direction of south-west with a stage at its opposite. The temple is in the form of a double-storeyed mansion divided into five bays. The central bay protrudes outward and forms a porch. The temple merges classical Hokkien temple architecture with the form of Anglo-Indian bungalows. This agglomeration of styles is apparent at the prayer pavilion which fronts the main hall – a typical configuration of Hokkien temples – but brought up to the second floor while the ground level serves as a porch in the fashion of the bungalows.
The prayer pavilion and main hall are covered by combination roof and gable roof respectively. Although different in forms, both roofs share similar ornamentation treatments: delightful jian nian porcelain shard sculptures generously decorate the ridges and pai tou. A figurine of Lord Guan is placed on the central ridge of the prayer pavilion, coupled with a pair of ao yu at its sides, which is believed to be a spiritual symbol of honour and justice upheld by the secret association.
Between 2005 and 2006, Wensi Heritage was appointed to restore Hock Teik Cheng Sin Temple to its original form. The scope of works included restoration of the Gate House, floor tiling works, make-good of wall decorative paintings and lacquer recoating, replacement of timber structures and constructional members, re-laid roof tiles and repaired damaged roof ridges, porcelain shard works, stucco sculptures and frescos.