槟城牛干冬街 Chulia Street, Penang
潮州会馆韩江家庙
Penang Teochew Association /
Han Jiang Ancestral Temple
1864年成立
2003年与2004年修复
工程照
槟榔屿潮州会馆位于乔治市牛干冬街,正朝皇后街。1864年始创的潮洲会馆原为“潮洲公司”,后由潮人先驱王武昌、许栳合等改组为潮江家庙。1870年从社尾街迁建于现址,起初只是一堂一亭的规模。直至1888,由甲必丹许武安等倡议重建,扩展为三进的堂构。1933年潮江家庙正式改名为槟榔屿潮洲会馆,并大肆重修馆宇,后于2003与2004年间授托文思古建公司作重大修复,翌年荣获联合国教科文组织亚太区文化遗产保护奖之优秀奖。
韩江家庙是市内唯一的潮式会馆或祠堂建筑,不只在马来西亚,于东南亚而言乃数保存最完整的潮州会馆。韩江家庙体现了潮州建筑的木雕、彩绘、嵌瓷和灰塑等精湛艺术,同时也散发儒道佛的文化含蕴。它为三进厅的传统堂构,依次为门厅、阳埕、中厅、天井两廊以及后厅。中座供奉玄天上帝,后座设神龛,奉祀潮邑先人神主牌位。
文思古建于2003与2004年间的修复工作包含了全面修葺屋顶、重抹墙体、更换门窗、重油传统大漆和传统彩绘等等。当中修复屋顶的工程最为庞大,如抽换屋梁及重建后厅拜亭屋顶,还有重铺板瓦及筒瓦、重塑屋脊、嵌瓷、灰塑和修补彩绘等。
Penang Teochew Association took address at Chulia Street of George Town, Penang. The association was established in 1864 under the name of Teochew Kongsi. Later a collective of Teochews re-established it as the Han Jiang Ancestral Temple. In 1870, the association moved from Victoria Street to the current address. The temple was a single-section building at first, but was later extended in 1888 to become an ensemble of three sections. In 1993, Han Jiang Ancestral Temple changed its name again to the Penang Teochew Association. Within the years of 2003 and 2004, Wensi Heritage was appointed to carry out restoration works to the ancestral temple, which has garnered the Award of Merit of UNESCO Asia-Pacific Heritage Awards for Culture Heritage Conservation in 2006.
Han Jiang Ancestral Temple is the one and only Teochew-style ancestral hall architecture in George Town. It is regarded as the best conserved Teochew Association in the Southeast Asia. The ancestral temple holds some of the most intricate Teochew carvings, murals, embedded ceramic and stucco works. The building has three sections. The spaces in successive order are the entrance hall, the front yard, middle hall, courtyards, hallways and finally the main hall. The middle hall enshrines the Hiang Thian Siang Ti and the ancestral hall in the third section is an altar space for the ancestors.
Wensi Heritage’s expert team pursued the massive restoration of Han Jiang Ancestral Temple in 2003 and 2004. The restoration included the reconstruction of the roofs, walls, fenestrations and paintworks. The roofs underwent a major overhaul, where a large part of the timber roof beams were replaced. The team also reconstructed the roof of the prayer pavilion that fronts the rear hall. Roof tiles were entirely re-laid using the traditional methods. The roof ridges, with their embedded porcelain ornaments and decorative paintworks were also fully restored.